Category: Law

Pet pigs in Perth: if you must here’s where you can

Pet pigs in Perth: if you must here’s where you can

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I’ve never met a pig I didn’t like.

From what I’ve read, they can sometimes be pretty difficult friends to have. But just because your friend is difficult doesn’t mean you kill and eat them. So be nice to pigs.

Pigs also live for around fifteen years, so don’t get one if you’re going to simply get rid of it when you’re sick of the hassle.

The RSPCA says, for what it’s worth and for many that’s not much because they give accreditation to slaughterhouses which seems counterintuitive, that pigs ‘require plenty of mental stimulation or they will become bored and destructive.’

Animal rights activists are critical of owning pigs as pets. Keeping pigs that have been rescued from slaughter is a growing movement but those pigs are generally the huge 350kg animals. Don’t put one in your backyard.

These are good practical and ethical reasons for thinking twice about having a pig in your backyard.

All in all, unless you’re absolutely sure that you can be a good friend to a pig and be a good pet owner, don’t get a pig.

And if you can’t be a good pet owner, just steer clear of pets altogether.

People who want to keep pigs as pets in metropolitan areas (rather than sanctuaries for rescued animals) aren’t talking about something the size of Esther the Wonder Pig. Those guys got duped.

What they’re talking about are pigs that are about 60 centimetres at the shoulder, or about 90 kilograms at most.

So what are the rules? Bear in mind we’re looking at pigs in residential areas and not piggeries and that there are a bunch of other conditions you would have to comply with if you wanted a pig as a pet in a residential area.

You can find further information about this from the Department of Agriculture.

This is just your starting point and it is a survey only of local laws. Citations are to the relevant local government authority’s Local Health Laws unless otherwise specified.

Anarchy

East Fremantle and Peppermint Grove don’t appear to have local laws governing the keeping of pigs. Good luck getting the Department of Agriculture to approve your registration there.

If you’re an anarchist (in which case this whole post is probably irrelevant) and you can find an anarchist in the Department as your collaborator it would appear that for once Peppermint Grove is your natural home.

You shall not pig

The clearest ‘you may not’ comes from:

Bassendean, Canning, Claremont, Cottesloe, Mosman Park, South Perth, Stirling No one may keep a pig: Bassendean – s. 5.15(1); Canning – s.63(3); Claremont – s.69; Cottesloe – s.69 (miniature pigs specifically included); Mosman Park – s.66; South Perth – s. 65; Stirling – s. 5.8(3).
Kwinana Pigs may only be kept in rural zoned areas: Piggeries By-laws s.1.
Rockingham Pigs may only be kept in rural zoned areas, but you can apply for an exemption: s.71.

Pig potential

For some councils you can seek approval to keep a large animal, which includes pigs, but the restrictions probably rule it out in many cases due to residential density:

Kalamunda An application must be made to keep any animal, including large animals. The information to be included in an application to keep any animal is detailed and each application will be determined on its merits: ss 4.1, 4.4, 4.5.
Nedlands Large animals may only be kept with approval of the council; and must be kept in a ‘stable’; and must not approach within 15 metres of a house or food premises: ss 68-70.
Bayswater, Perth, Subiaco, Victoria Park Large animals may only be kept with approval of the council; and must be kept in a ‘stable’ which must be 15 metres from the nearest house; and must not approach within 15 metres of a house: Bayswater – ss 5.14-5.16; Perth – ss 68-69; Subiaco – ss 70-71; Victoria Park – ss 68-69.
Belmont, Vincent Large animals may only be kept with the approval of the council; and must not approach within 15 metres of a house: Belmont – ss 67-68; Vincent (defined to include ‘miniature species of the same animal’) – ss 68-69.
Mundaring Large animals may only be kept with the approval of the council; and must not be kept within 15 metres of a house: s. 5.3.2
Fremantle Large animals may only be kept with approval of the council; and must be kept in a ‘stable’ which must be 15 metres from the nearest house; and must not approach within 15 metres of a house except the house of the owner which it may approach no closer than 6 metres: ss 71-72.
Melville (Approval not required) Large animals must not be kept within 15 metres of a house: s.67.
Armadale An application must be made to keep any farm animal. The information to be included in an application to keep any farm animal is detailed and each application will be determined on its merits: ss 30-33.

If you can find a property sufficiently large in any of these areas (some more likely than others) you can have a miniature pig.

Pig deal

The most miniature pig friendly councils are:

Cambridge, Cockburn, Joondalup, Wanneroo You can keep one miniature pig under strict conditions. A miniature pig is defined as being no higher than 650mm at the shoulder and weighing no more than 55kg: Cambridge – ss 1.6 & 5.9; Cockburn – ss 2.1 & 2.28; Joondalup – ss 6 & 41; Wanneroo – ss 6 & 41.
Gosnells You can keep up to 2 miniature pigs in a residential zone: ss2.8(1); 2.10. A miniature pig is defined as being no higher than 650mm at the shoulder and no more than 55kg: s.1.
Swan Apparently you can keep any livestock in any part of Swan so long as it’s fenced: Consolidated Local Laws 12.22-12.24.

The Pig Short

If you want to have a miniature pig, then, your three options are:

  1. Live in the Cambridge, Cockburn, Joondalup, Wanneroo or Gosnells local government districts and hope your pig doesn’t get too heavy, or
  2. Live on a large property in a district where you can keep a fully grown pig, but just have a miniature pig instead, or
  3. Lobby your council to amend their local laws in the same terms as those councils.

Good luck!

Section 44: submission regarding proposed amendment of the Commonwealth Constitution

Section 44: submission regarding proposed amendment of the Commonwealth Constitution

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Today I lodged a submission into the Commonwealth Parliament’s Joint Standing Committee on Electoral Matters Inquiry into matters relating to Section 44 of the Constitution. Here’s what I submitted:

I write regarding the following Terms of Reference for the Committee’s inquiry:

C. Whether the Parliament should seek to amend section 44(i) (for example, to provide that an Australian citizen born in Australia is not disqualified by reason of a foreign citizenship by descent unless they have acknowledged, accepted or acquiesced in it);

D. Whether any action of the kind contemplated above should be taken in relation to any of the other paragraphs of section 44 of the Constitution, in particular sections 44(iv) and 44(v);

It is my strong view that for the Parliament to seek to amend the Constitution as contemplated in these Terms, absent any other proposed amendments, would constitute a self-serving exercise by Australia’s political elite.

The Australian Constitution, venerable as many hold it to be, contains significant flaws in need of correction.

I reject the pragmatism of incremental change. Two of the last three amendments to be passed, in 1977, were concerned with, in effect, amending the terms of employment of those exercising power on behalf of Australians, namely Senators and judges. The third expanded the franchise to citizens in Territories.

Australians have not been asked to contemplate any significant change to our system of government in decades, if at all since Federation. ‘Minimalist’ republicanism simply does not rate as ‘significant’. Indeed, the 1999 referendum is a study in the failure of adherents to the incremental change mantra.

We need a Constitution that establishes an Australian state free from legal shackles to its imperial heritage: our Constitution should be an act of its free peoples, not an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Our Head of State should be one of us, and the position held by that person ought to be what we acknowledge as we pay respect to the law on entry to a courtroom.

Our Constitution must include a Bill of Rights, because we have seen in the Northern Territory Intervention and the suspension of rights under the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 what happens when rights are merely legislated.

Our Constitution must pay due respect and regard to the original legal systems that applied in Australasia, the systems of its First Peoples.

It is in the context of these significant opportunities for constitutional reform that our leaders ought to contemplate a re-ordering of government in our country to deliver a 21st century approach to health and education responsibilities, so that we no longer suffer through buck-passing and waste.

We ought to ask ourselves whether the majoritarian cartel that is a consequence of our current representative system, founded in the Constitution, is delivering the quality of governance we deserve. Perhaps the growing disjunction between Government and Opposition and the electorate at large is a product of the fundamentally flawed pretence that mass parties can adequately present unified perspectives to electors all-too-aware of their internal divisions.

In short, Australians should have a thorough discussion about a new Constitution.

Not because its entirely broken (although parts of it certainly are), but because we should aspire to higher ideals of democratic representation rather than settle for the status quo just because it’s easier.

If amending section 44 forms part of a more comprehensive package of constitutional reforms, all well and good.

But presenting such an amendment, which only serves those who contemplate a political career, while failing to present any amendments that would deliver meaningful, positive change in the lives of many Australians is self-interest in leadership’s clothing.

Voluntary human shields in international humanitarian law

Voluntary human shields in international humanitarian law

Last year a paper of mine on voluntary human shields was published in the Melbourne Journal of International Law. The paper was originally written for the ‘International Criminal Law’ unit I was studying for a Masters degree specializing in International Law at the Australian National University.

The title of the article is ‘Voluntary Human Shields, Direct Participation in Hostilities and the International Law Obligations of States’.

I’ve put up a link to the Austlii reproduction of the article, and reproduced the abstract below.

Voluntary human shields challenge accepted norms that have treated the civilian as a passive subject of, rather than an actor in, armed conflict. Later this year, the International Committee of the Red Cross will deliver a final report on the deliberations of a series of meetings held to discuss the definition of ‘direct participation in hostilities’ pursuant to Geneva Conventions III and IV and their Additional Protocols I and II. The Summary Reports of the ICRC deliberations of the meeting participants reveal that some experts consider it appropriate to class acting as a voluntary human shield as direct participation in hostilities. Some consider this classification to have altered the status of voluntary human shields  in international humanitarian law. Arguably, however, classifying voluntary human  shielding as direct participation in hostilities runs counter to international humanitarian legal principles